The Ultimate Guide to Metal Detectors

Metal detectors are electronic devices used to locate and identify metal objects buried underground. They are commonly used by treasure hunters, archaeologists, and hobbyists to find coins, jewelry, relics, and other valuable items. Metal detecting can be a fun and rewarding hobby that takes you on adventures and uncovers hidden treasures. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the different types of metal detectors, the features to consider when choosing one, the best entry-level metal detectors for beginners, tips for using an entry-level metal detector, and the essential metal detecting accessories for beginners.

If you're starting your treasure hunting journey, here's a guide on the best entry level metal detector.

Before we delve into the details, let's take a look at how metal detectors actually work. Metal detectors consist of a coil that emits an electromagnetic field. When this field encounters a metal object underground, it creates a magnetic field around the object. The metal detector's coil then detects this magnetic field and sends a signal to the control box, which in turn produces an audible sound or a visual indication.

Metal detectors come in various types, each designed for different purposes and environments. The three main types of metal detectors are Very Low Frequency (VLF) metal detectors, Pulse Induction (PI) metal detectors, and Beat-Frequency Oscillation (BFO) metal detectors. Let's explore each type in detail:

VLF metal detectors are the most common type and are suitable for general-purpose metal detecting. They operate by transmitting two different frequencies into the ground and analyzing the phase shift of the returned signal. VLF detectors are excellent at discriminating between different types of metals and can often identify the specific metal of a detected object. They are also sensitive to small objects and are effective at detecting coins, jewelry, and relics.

PI metal detectors are another type commonly used in metal detecting. They use a single coil that acts as both the transmitter and receiver of electromagnetic pulses. PI detectors are known for their depth capability and can penetrate deeply into the ground. They are less affected by mineralization and are suitable for detecting in highly mineralized soils or underwater. However, PI detectors have limited discrimination capabilities and may not accurately identify the type of metal detected.

Types of Metal Detectors

Beat-Frequency Oscillation (BFO) metal detectors are the simplest and least expensive type. They use two coils - one to transmit and one to receive the electromagnetic signals. BFO detectors are ideal for beginners or those on a tight budget. They are sensitive to large metal objects but less effective at discriminating between different types of metals. BFO detectors are commonly used for general-purpose metal detecting in parks, beaches, and other public areas.

Now that we have explored the different types of metal detectors, let's look at the features to consider when choosing one:

Features to Consider

Sensitivity: The sensitivity of a metal detector determines how well it can detect small or deeply buried objects. Higher sensitivity allows for detecting smaller objects, but it may also result in more false signals due to mineralization or trash.

Discrimination: Discrimination is the ability of a metal detector to differentiate between different types of metals. It allows you to ignore certain types of metal and focus on specific target metals. Advanced detectors offer various discrimination settings to enhance your treasure hunting experience.

Depth Indicator: A depth indicator shows the approximate depth at which a target is buried. This feature can be useful in determining whether a detected object is worth digging for.

Target ID: Target ID is a feature that helps identify the type of metal detected. It provides information such as the conductivity of the metal, which can help you distinguish between valuable targets and trash.

Ground Balancing: Ground balancing is a crucial feature for metal detecting in mineralized soils. It helps the detector adjust for mineralization, reducing false signals and improving target detection.

Waterproofing: If you plan to detect in wet or underwater environments, it is essential to choose a metal detector that is waterproof or at least water-resistant. This feature ensures the durability and functionality of the detector in such conditions.

Best Entry Level Metal Detectors for Beginners

Now let's discuss some of the best entry-level metal detectors for beginners:

1. Garrett ACE 200: The Garrett ACE 200 is a lightweight and easy-to-use metal detector. It offers three search modes, four sensitivity adjustments, and a digital target ID system. It is a great choice for beginners looking to get started with metal detecting.

2. Bounty Hunter TK4 Tracker IV: The Bounty Hunter TK4 Tracker IV is known for its simplicity and affordability. It has an adjustable sensitivity control, discrimination control, and a two-tone audio feedback system. It is a reliable detector for beginners.

3. Fisher F22: The Fisher F22 is a popular entry-level metal detector with excellent performance. It features four search modes, nine-segment visual target ID, and adjustable sensitivity and discrimination. It is suitable for all skill levels, including beginners.

4. Minelab Vanquish 340: The Minelab Vanquish 340 is a user-friendly metal detector with advanced features. It offers three search modes, adjustable sensitivity, and discrimination, and a depth indicator. It is a reliable choice for beginners who want more control over their metal detecting experience.

5. Nokta Makro Simplex+: The Nokta Makro Simplex+ is a fully waterproof metal detector with built-in wireless headphones. It features four search modes, adjustable sensitivity, discrimination, and target ID. It is a versatile detector suitable for both land and underwater detecting.

Tips for Using an Entry Level Metal Detector

Now that you have chosen an entry-level metal detector, here are some tips to help you get started:

1. Learn the Basics: Familiarize yourself with the operation and settings of your metal detector. Read the user manual and practice using it in your backyard before heading out to public areas or other detecting locations.

2. Start in Your Backyard: Begin your treasure hunting journey in your own backyard or a familiar area. This will allow you to practice using your detector, understand its signals, and learn how to identify different types of metal objects.

3. Practice Swinging and Target Recovery: Proper swinging technique is crucial for optimal scanning and target detection. Practice swinging your detector in a controlled and systematic manner. Additionally, practice target recovery techniques to become efficient in digging, retrieving, and preserving the found objects.

4. Research Your Hunt Location: Before heading out to a new detecting location, research its history and potential for finding valuable items. Find areas with high foot traffic or historical significance for better chances of discovery.

5. Use Headphones: Using headphones while metal detecting can help you hear subtle signals and improve your detecting experience, especially in noisy or crowded environments.

6. Join Metal Detecting Communities: Engage with other metal detecting enthusiasts by joining online forums, social media groups, or local clubs. They can provide valuable advice, tips, and information about detecting locations.

Metal Detecting Accessories for Beginners

In addition to a metal detector, there are a few essential accessories that can enhance your metal detecting experience:

1. Pinpointers: Pinpointers are handheld devices that help you precisely locate the exact position of a detected target. They save time and effort by pinpointing the exact spot to dig.

2. Digging Tools: A digging tool such as a trowel or a shovel is necessary for excavating and retrieving targets from the ground. Choose a sturdy and lightweight tool that can withstand the rigors of metal detecting.

3. Pouches and Bags: Carry a pouch or a bag to store your found treasures, as well as any small tools or accessories you may need during your metal detecting adventures.

4. Headphones: As mentioned earlier, headphones are essential for better sound quality and improved target detection in noisy environments.

5. Coil Covers: Coil covers help protect the search coil of your metal detector from scratches and damage caused by rocks, dirt, or other debris.

Now that you have a comprehensive understanding of metal detectors, their types, features, and accessories, it's time to embark on your own treasure hunting journey. Remember to follow local regulations and obtain permission before metal detecting in private or protected areas. Happy hunting!